Essay --

Related to this Management Project numerous specialized academic articles and literature has been read to gain profound insight and comprehensive familiarity about the field of research as well as elucidate suppositional facts of this project. In addition, relevant literature was collected to build a theoretical foundation to answer the Research questions stated above.ControllingNowadays Controlling is a frequently used phrase in every business and is a derivation of to (be in) control (Oxford University Press, 2014). Especially these days with a quickly changing, rough business environment it is of crucial importance to monitor and audit companies internal processes. The prefatory management function of Controlling is to (1) strand benchmarks or standards, (2) compare actual per levelance against them, and (3) take corrective action, if required (Oxford University Press, 2014).According to the University of Louisiana (2008), Controls are any actions taken by the management to in crease the likelihood that established goals and objectives are achieved.Internal ControlWithin hospitality operations managers need accurate and forever and a day current information, provided by management accounting systems, to be able to carry out their duties effectively. These information will be used by the executives to implement peeled procedures and for decision making to enhance the efficiency of operations, to justification assets, to drive sales as well as maximizing the profitability of the business (Chibili, 2010). The American demonstrate of Certified Public Accountants, called AICPA, has defined Internal Controls as, Internal control comprises the plan of organization and all of the coordinate methods adopted within a business to safeguard its asset... ...well as regulations of an organization (Chibili, 2010).Control activities can be of different types. They are classified as directive, preventative or detective. guiding controls are those designed to establis h desired outcomes preventative controls are designed to prevent errors, irregularities or undesirable events from occurring and detective controls are those designed to detect and correct undesirable events which have occurred. Directive control activitiesThese are activities designed to guide a business towards appointed desired outcomes. For the most part directive controls are shaped in the form of written procedures, guidelines, policies, laws and regulations. (State University of New York - New Paltz, 2005) Furthermore internal training seminars, meetings as well as job descriptions outline a directive control force. (University of Louisina, 2008)

Essay --

Lactic Acid had a pretty nasty reputation up until recently. It was thought to ca utilise muscle wear out and muscle cramps in not only extremist battle of Marathon runners and marathon runners, but in any sport. I had recently comp permited my first marathon and was worried about the lactic acid buildup more than anything. Around the sixteenth mile of the Atlantic City Marathon I felt the tiredness move up from my toes into my hips. Right away, I thought about lactic acid. Before doing the research for this paper, anything I knew about lactic acid was told to me by my high instill cross country coach and my brother, who runs cross country and track for Lock Haven College. When my legs would get tired during training, I was told to lay on the floor with my legs up against the wall so the lactic acid would drain out of them. Who knew that everything I was told was a lie? I know a lot of coaches that still reckon that lactic acid is bad and refuse to give up on that fact, but wit hout doing the research, they will never know the truth. When running long distances, the body uses cardinal systems for energy the aerobic and the anaerobic energy systems. The aerobic energy system uses oxygen in the process, while the anaerobic energy system does not use oxygen. According to the American Running Association, ATP is a high-energy molecule and the main source of energy for muscle contractions. When we exercise aerobically, ATP is derived from the oxygen that we emit in. Glucose and glycogen is nevertheless also required to convert this oxygen into energy. When the amount of ATP needed cannot be derived quickly enough with traditional oxygen breathing in and conversion to energy, the body then relies on the anaerobic energy system, which created as a byproduct, la... ...ned by the heart and the blood vessels. So if you carry on training a guy, you will not improve his aerobic capacity, but his performance will still improve because the lactate acid threshold is not control by the cardiovascular system---its determined by the quality of the muscles. This means that the more a runners muscles are adapted to this kind of running, the break they will be during a long run or ultra marathon (Cox). When I think about these men that have run ultra marathon after ultra marathon, it kind of inspires me to do one someday. After I think about it for a little bit though, I go back and remember what it felt like running 26.2 miles. I could never imagine what my legs and feet would feel like after running even 27 miles, let alone 50 or more. People like this are so inspirational and what ever they put their mind to, they can accomplish it.

Humanism The Renaissance And M Essays -- essays research papers

&65279HumanismThe introduction of the concept of humanism greatly affectedthe Renaissance. The Humanistic influence shaped Renaissanceart, writing, education and thinkers, its ideas were spread among entirely aspects of life. Machiavellis writings during theRenaissance were also affected by the ideas of humanism. Hisideas reflect the thoughts of humanism in the way he thoughtgovernments and societies should be organized.Humanisms influence on art was very obvious, it could beseen slowly infiltrating all art throughout the Renaissance. Atthe begging of the Renaissance, most art was very begrimed anddismal. The works portrayed people doing very menial labor, thepeople did not seem happy and their clothing was very plain. Asthe Renaissance progressed and humanisms influence was more feltthe paintings used lighter colors, the people in them weresmiling and their clothing many times included gold trim oraccents. The late Renaissance art also has a larger focus onreligion, as humanism in spired people in many forms by the use of religion.Humanism came about with the idea that a person should havea very rounded education covering many aspects of society curiously history, geometry, and art. During the renaissance asthe ideas of humanism spread, especially in its educationalsense, more schools and universities were erected and a muchhigher percentage of people were forma...

We need crime prevention, not the death penalty Essay -- essays resear

We Need Crime Prevention, Not the terminal penalisationFor most iniquitys affiliated in the linked States a fine, judgment of conviction of time in jail or execution is the penalisation. However, the decease penalization is the most questionable punishment. Is it morally right? Is it effective in deterring crime, primarily bump offs? stomach or not you agree if it is moral or not, one issue remains. The finis penalty is not an effective way to deter crime. The death penalty has existed as long as humans have existed. The quote "an snapper for an eye" is found in the Bible. In the middle ages fines, public humiliation and handcuffs were appropriate punishments for all crimes, and death penalty for all murders. Today, Federal law states that the death penalty is to be enforced with convicted criminals for treason deserting armed forces during wartime murder committed by a soldier kidnapping and murder that involves crossing state lines murder committed during an airplane hijacking and of course, homicide. The death penalty is also called for punishment of for attempting to kill anyone investigating or prosecuting his or her activities advising, directing, authorizing or assisting in the murder of someone. Also, The Anti-Drug misuse act of 1988 calls for the death penalty for all drug related killings. along with that, The bill amending sec. 848 to controlled substances act calls for the death penalty or life imprisonment for indisputable drug offences possession of 10 or more kg of heroin, cocaine, phencyclidine hydrochloride or analogue. Added to that, The drug kingpin act sates the use of death penalty for convicted major drug dealers caught with huge quantities of drugs, over 66 lbs. of heroin and 330 lbs. of cocaine. Even though there are these federal laws requiring the use of the death penalty for the crimes, State laws solely consider one crime, murder, to be a capital offense. In the United States alone there have been 4047 exec utions since 1930, and 188 were from 1977-1996. In 1996, there were a total of 15,168,100 arrests 33,050 for lively rape 1,506,200 involving drug violations and 19,020 for murder and non-negligent manslaughter. The death penalty was enforced 45 times. The death penalty is an expensive punishment, since 1976 the united states have spent 700 million dollars in it. Methods of the death pen... ...s no effect on the deteration of crimes. Statistics show that there is no relationship between the numeral of crimes committed in death penalty states and the number of crimes committed in non-death penalty states. While a majority of battalion turn overs the death penalty is a good punishment for crimes, they do not believe it helps get rid of and prevent crime. Other methods such as change magnitude police officers and a decrease on the availability of handguns are 2 of umpteen alternatives in prevention crimes. Enforcing a harsh punishment for committing a crime is not an effective wa y to prevent it from happening. Preventing crimes from happening is the most effective way to deter crime. Bibliography"Crimes, Politics and Race" Harvard Journal of law and Public form _or_ system of government Winter 1997 pg. 405 "Death Penalty Information Center", 1997 http//www.esential.org/dpic/dpic.html (8 Feb. 1998) Nardo, Don Death Penalty San Diego Lucent Books Inc, 1992 Wekesser, Carol The Death Penalty Opposing Viewpoints. San Diego Greenhaven Press, 1991 World almanac and Book of Facts 1998 Mahwah, NJ world Almanac and Book of Facts, 1997 We need crime prevention, not the death penalty Essay -- essays resear We Need Crime Prevention, Not the Death PenaltyFor most crimes committed in the United States a fine, sentence of time in jail or execution is the punishment. However, the death penalty is the most questionable punishment. Is it morally right? Is it effective in deterring crime, primarily murders? Weather or not you agree if it is m oral or not, one issue remains. The death penalty is not an effective way to deter crime. The death penalty has existed as long as humans have existed. The quote "an eye for an eye" is found in the Bible. In the middle ages fines, public humiliation and imprisonment were appropriate punishments for all crimes, and death penalty for all murders. Today, Federal law states that the death penalty is to be enforced with convicted criminals for treason deserting armed forces during wartime murder committed by a soldier kidnapping and murder that involves crossing state lines murder committed during an airplane hijacking and of course, homicide. The death penalty is also called for punishment of for attempting to kill anyone investigating or prosecuting his or her activities advising, directing, authorizing or assisting in the murder of someone. Also, The Anti-Drug abuse act of 1988 calls for the death penalty for all drug related killings. Along with that, The bill amending sec. 8 48 to controlled substances act calls for the death penalty or life imprisonment for certain drug offences possession of 10 or more kg of heroin, cocaine, phencyclidine or analogue. Added to that, The drug kingpin act sates the use of death penalty for convicted major drug dealers caught with huge quantities of drugs, over 66 lbs. of heroin and 330 lbs. of cocaine. Even though there are these federal laws requiring the use of the death penalty for the crimes, State laws only consider one crime, murder, to be a capital offense. In the United States alone there have been 4047 executions since 1930, and 188 were from 1977-1996. In 1996, there were a total of 15,168,100 arrests 33,050 for forcible rape 1,506,200 involving drug violations and 19,020 for murder and non-negligent manslaughter. The death penalty was enforced 45 times. The death penalty is an expensive punishment, since 1976 the united states have spent 700 million dollars in it. Methods of the death pen... ...s no effect o n the deteration of crimes. Statistics show that there is no relationship between the number of crimes committed in death penalty states and the number of crimes committed in non-death penalty states. While a majority of people believes the death penalty is a good punishment for crimes, they do not believe it helps get rid of and prevent crime. Other methods such as increased police officers and a decrease on the availability of handguns are 2 of many alternatives in prevention crimes. Enforcing a harsh punishment for committing a crime is not an effective way to prevent it from happening. Preventing crimes from happening is the most effective way to deter crime. Bibliography"Crimes, Politics and Race" Harvard Journal of law and Public Policy Winter 1997 pg. 405 "Death Penalty Information Center", 1997 http//www.esential.org/dpic/dpic.html (8 Feb. 1998) Nardo, Don Death Penalty San Diego Lucent Books Inc, 1992 Wekesser, Carol The Death Penalty Opposing Viewpoints. Sa n Diego Greenhaven Press, 1991 World Almanac and Book of Facts 1998 Mahwah, NJ world Almanac and Book of Facts, 1997

Macbeth - Conflict Essay -- essays research papers

"Conflict is underlying to the dramatic development of any hoyden."Prior to deciding whether or not conflict is central to the dramatic development of MACBETH, one essential consider all the dramatic factors that contribute to the Shakespearean play. The gradual decline of the protagonist , the role portrayed by characters and the order in which the events occur, greatly influence the direction in which the development of the play takes place. After reading the text MACBETH, by Shakespeare and viewing the film version, tell by Roman Polanski, it is logical to see that opposition and the deceptive appearances of what really is, is central to the dramatic development of MACBETH.               Initially MACBETH is seen as a great soldier, a fearless fighter who has loyally defended his powerfulness against a treacherous rebellion. However, he is corrupted by evil in the form of three witches and their supernatura l prophecies, and by inspiration, not so much his own at first but by Lady Macbeths ambition for him to murder Duncan, thus attaining the crown of Scotland.In doing I, Scene I three witches plan to meet MACBETH upon a heath. They announce the major theme of the play appearances can be deceptive."Fair is foul, and foul is fair."MACBETHs witness of this is reciprocated in Act I, Scene III, when he echoes the witches words, "So fair and foul a day I have not seen." Factors that are apparent in both the text and visual of MACBETH are the symbols and imagery used by Shakespeare and Polanski. Due to the different quarrel modes used in both versions of MACBETH, the audience must themselves visualise the images in the text, since the main language mode is reading and can therefore interpret the images quite differently in comparison with Polanskis MACBETH. The main language mode in the film is viewing and listening, so the audience does not have to interpret the images f or themselves because it has already been done for them, which enhances the audiences response and emotions to the dramatic development of ambition and deceptive appearances. In the written text, Shakespeare emphasiss the hidden reality through the use of dramatic techniques of imagery and symbolism. There is a constant use of light and unforgiving imagery which is used by the protagonist , MAC... ...s his evil actions continue, increasingly violent. His scruples, on the other hand, before and after the murder of Duncan, is unstable. A further exhibition of conscience can be seen in his nightmares, the immediate realisation that he has murdered Sleep.Insecurity is present initially, and is intensified by MACBETHs actions.Shakespeare indication of this the soliloquy of MACBETH before the murder of the King"If it were done, when tis done, then twere wellIt were done quickly.." (Act I, Scene VII)Encompassing all the evidence that has been presented and after reading and view ing Polanski and Shakespeares renditions of MACBETH it is logical to come to the conclusion that ambition and deceptive appearances is central to the dramatic development of MACBETH. Without ambition MACBETH would not have pursued his path to become King of Scotland so viciously. Deceptive appearances is the key to this play because without hiding reality all the evil enfolding this play, all the intentions of protagonist and the other characters would have been revealed. Without the centralisation of these themes, MACBETH would have been altered and the plot would be non-existent.

Computer Technician :: essays research papers

calculator TechnicianI Believe a Computer Technician is a good c arer for me because I havebeen around computers for many age now and enjoy them. I began to learn thebasics of computers from my father when I was about 9 years old. Since then Ihave pretty oft taught myself and took off in the computer field. I now have 7networked computers " linked together ", help run an internet provider and build weathervane pages.About a year ago my Uncle changed jobs and now he is a Computer Technician.I have been working with him and really enjoy it.Five Tasks a Computer Technician May PerformGenerally there are five tasks a Computer Technician has to perform such as conducting research, analyzing systems, monitoring software and hardware, kettle of fishhardware and software and designing computers.Working ConditionsThe working conditions of a Computer Technician varies. It depends onwhere and who you are working for. Usually the average working environment isindoors, quiet, tempera ture controlled and commonly alone.Working ScheduleThe working hours vary as well. Computer Technicians are on call 24 hours 7days a week receivable to the fact that most companies computers are running all thetime and cannot wait long for their computer to be fixed.SalaryThe average salary for a Computer Technician is approximately $65,500 peryear.To become a Computer Technician you need one or two years of technicaltraining and you must have good maths skills Which most technical and vocationalschools offer. There are no licensing or exams needed to pass to become aComputer Technician.Certain personal qualities are needed to become a Computer Technician suchas good eyesight, good hearing and the ability to work without supervision.Certain skills are needed as well such as how different computers function andwork with others.Computer Technician employment opportunities exist now as listed in thewant ads and are qualifying to continue to grow in the future.To become a Computer T echnician you might want to pursue business courses,

Analysis of Self and Architecture

TO THEORIZE ARCHITECTURE BASED ON ANALYSIS OF SELF & A ARCHITECTURETakaharu Tezuka was born in year 1964 in the metropolis of Tokyo, Japan. He received his Bachelors from the Musashi Institute of Technology in Japan and Masters in Architecture from the University of Pennsylvania in the United States of America. He so worked for Richard Rogers P rusenership Ltd from twelvemonth 1990 to 1994 in London. Together with his married woman, they established Tezuka Architects in twelvemonth 1994 and have won legion awards for their broad scope of work from the Japan Institute of Architects plundering and the AIJ Annual Architectural Commendations for Roof House and Kids Design Award, the Ministry Prize Gold Prize for Fuji Kindergarten in 2007. His calling so started blossoming with other undertakings runing from houses, commercial-grade and groomingal edifices, community undertakings and even universe renowned museums and exhibitions.Designed and built in twelvemonth 2012 to ease free r ein and kid development based about Montessori rules, Yamamotochou Fuji Kindergarten is an excessive pre-primary school in Tokyo, Japan. The most bewitching component is so its outstanding halo-shaped signifier which accommodates about 600 kids. This founding maximises and utilises the full the tight urban site by consciously including the sense of drama, with a roof deck environing the full single-storey construction with a big en unopen cardinal courtyard. While we ar busy working, in any case we be alike inspired by our kids. We found out kids loves doing circles. It is a sort of natural inherent aptitude, so we were inspired to do the edifice unit of ammunition so they can maintain running around . With its round orientation, the courtyard becomes a cardinal point to run into for the preschoolers, submit throughing a designional system of togetherness. Tezuka besides designed the kindergarten by integrating bing trees stick outing from the buiding, which provides a sense of welcoming of nature but besides acts a green canopy. Their conception ofThe Fuji Kindergarten architectural analysis was based on 3 theories, which is climatic factors, architectural theory and design schemes. As for design schemes, the inside informations atomic number 18 really clean and precise, all the things of what high-end architecture is approximately. There is a sense of graduated table to the bannisters, door grips, floor, ceiling tallness and body of water fountains which are so good considered for the graduated table of the users. To suit different group sizes and different activities, all the furniture can easy be travel and rearranged. As for the chairs and desks for the childs, many wooden boxes are used to divide smaller countries which besides act as extra benches for siting. These boxes are besides used to salt away away drama points, larning stuffs and childrens coats and places. This provides great flexibleness, and the interior infinite is often reconfig ured through the twelvemonth. Besides, the railings designed harmonizing to kids graduated table. Railings are placed at each casting of the roof to maintain kids safe. The infinites between the bannisters are besides sufficient plenty to let kids to sit on the roof and swing their legs over the eaves of the roof during assemblies or occasions. As for the fanlights, it allows kids to look down into the suites below. Individual fanlights are designed in each schoolroom to let the natural sunshine to ooze in. Children could besides take in up rope ladders taking up to the fanlight. The three trees embedded in the edifice besides form a drama characteristic. Children can scramble in the subdivisions or drama in the cyberspaces that are placed around the short pantss to forestall anybody falling through to the suites below. In maintaining with the schools educational ethos of non-directed drama and find, in that location is no fixed drama equipment on the roof or in the courtyard, wi th the exclusion of a slide associating the roof to the gain. Takaharu believes that this will further consider for nature, so that kids could play around it and extinguish psychological barriers between in and out. Last but non least is the particularization of ceiling tallness and the usage of traditional visible radiation bulbs. With the consideration of the graduated table of a kid, the ceiling highs are set to 2.1m which stresses an utterly near the land degree to the rooftop. Takaharu Tezuka besides had the thought of utilizing traditional bare visible radiation bulbs with strings attached in this edifice to educate the childs about the manner visible radiation is produced when they pull on and off.ARCHITECTURAL THEORYThe Fuji Kindergarten architectural theory was based on 5 Le Corbusiers 5 points of Architecture which is, the free design land floor program, roof garden, pilotis, free design facade and horizontal Windowss. Based on the free design land floor program, the sch ool is designed to grow kids to mix and weave around the infinite which promotes self-discovery and to research without intervention. It besides encourages societal accomplishments and eliminates hierarchal constructions preschoolers to mix and steer about at will. Besides, no fixed walls are placed between schoolrooms, so the kids can travel in between category freely. As for the roof deck, it is an advanced drama resource. It has a little influence towards the interior perimeter, which at a tallness of merely 2.1m allows staff at land degree to maintain an oculus on kids playing up above. With limited border of a start to an terminal, kids would of course run about the roof without vacillation. This besides boosts the action and wellness of the children.Based on pilotis, the columns are non merely designed to vertebral column up the construction but to extinguish back uping walls that would impact the physical and ocular connexion within the kindergarten. The Fuji Kindergarten free design of facade illogical from the outside of the edifice from its geomorphological map. Stilts and thin seeable floor slabs sites absolutely into the bing site. This besides encourages kids to play about and research the construction of edifice. Last, horizontal Windowss run along the full kindergarten to let suites to be lit every bit.CLIMATIC FACTORSDuring most of the twelvemonth, the big sliding screens that form the interior wall of the edifice are pushed back, possible action up the interior infinites to the sheltered courtyard in the centre of the school. This provides unobstructed positions throughout the kindergarten. It ensures that the suites are ever good ventilated and, as a effect, there is no demand for an air conditioning system. Other systems have been carefully designed to work in the unfastened interior infinite. During winter, the sliding screens remain closed and suites are kept warm by utilizing underfloor warming system. Lighting can be adjusted util izing ceiling-mounted pull chords, leting instructors and kids to command the degree of illuming in their portion of the edifice. As Japan has a long history of holding frequent temblors. The columns are placed somewhat farther apart and specifically designed for temblors. Besides, the edifice is besides surrounded by large trees which shade the roof during hotter period like summer.Throughout his calling, Takaharu Tezuka holds a profound belief in the construct of design with a surgical knife instead than a hack saw, and the importance of making functional places unambiguously catered to the occupants populating within. ( 2014, Levin ) As a decision for his architecture believes, Takaharu Tezuka summarized that Our minimal art is non a manner but a effect. We try to do a undertaking where we ourselves want to populate or remain. We believe the reply can be found in our life style. We are seeking to hold a normal happy life, and the life of human being is ever the ultimate intent of architecture .Architecture is a like a linguistic communication with vocabulary that carries messages and communicates significances. By utilizing this architectural linguistic communication, based on my theory of ego, I think Takaharu tezuka has merely one thought, which is to stress on human activity and connectivity. He is really inventive and demanding when planing architectural inside informations. Architecture imaginativeness is firm rooted into Takaharus cardinal apprehension of construction, stuffs and economic sciences. Theres a touch of material elegance in the architectural signifiers and preciseness of the structural solutions. These personal touches are emerged from understanding their clients life style and aspirations. However, there is no uncertainty that beyond these facets, Tezuka is even more interested in abstract and allusive qualities of architecture like infinite and visible radiation. His work is besides singular for its mutableness, its ability to take on different visual aspects depending on the season, clip of twenty-four hours and the activity of the residents. The architecture responds to these conditions freely, largely by changing the grade of closing or openness in taking to hike the attribute of architectural mutableness. Tezukas work seems like it is tied into a long tradition of Nipponese Common architecture good known for skiding doors, screens and removable elements. These are exactly the elements that most intrigued the early modernist who visited from the West to Japan, such as blunt Lloyd Wright and Walter Gropious. Through the influences of those designers, the impression of flexible spacial boundaries entered the architectural imaginativeness of planetary modernism. Tezuka designs a clients house which includes elements of sunshine, air current and humidness that has an undeniable touchable freshness. These are places suited to citizens of the 21stcentury which combines and embraces nature into simple life.MentionsM entionsPlaning for instruction. 2011. p48 Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //www.oecd.org/edu/innovation- education/centreforeffectivelearningenvironmentscele/48533289.pdf on 22 June 2014Design and Trend. 2013. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //www.designntrend.com/articles/3813/20130412/worlds-best-classroom-japan-fuji-kindergarten-wraps-around-100-year.htm on 22 June 2014Planing for Education Collection of Exemplary Educational Facilities. 2011. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol //edfacilitiesinvestment-db.org/facilities/9 on 22 June 2014

Lalala

Summary of the base Weekend is a short feminists level depicting traditional middle-class family, consisting of the mother- Martha and the father of three- Martin, going for the weekend to their cottage burn d knowledge Stonehenge, where they will meet their friends. On Friday, Martha is preparing some things, food and complaining Nearly) about her life. Martin wants her to be perfect, as she says he Likes wo manpower with small hips and big bosoms, thats Incredible. She has a suspicion that her save has an affair with his secretary, who looks exactly that agency.Martin has a small sport car, but they take Marshs car for the trip, since it is bigger, although it is the older one. Martha can t drive, because her driving license was taken onward for drunken driving. The whole Journey, Martin Is Joking about the car, but Martha takes It personally, whilst she has got the feeling, he Is ambiguously talking about her. Late at night, their friends- Colic and his girlfriend Katie, ar rive to inflict them in their cottage. His previous wife, Janet with whom he has two children, was a nice woman and Martha liked her, however she was not so stunning like the new one.Martha prepares mushroom omelets In her night, sets the table, cleans everything after the late supper and goes to bed at 2 a. M. Katie sits and has a good time, without any intention to help her. The other day Martha sleeps longer than ordinarily and has the consumptions, because everything in the kitchen stays exactly in the same place, where the consumers had left It. She should t sleep so long. Glamorous Katie did not help with anything. Again. The rest of their friends, Harry and Beryl, accrue for the lunch. They bring fresh artichokes. Ill Martha Is preparing the artichoke soup, the top of the blender flies away and the kitchen is full of artichoke puree. Awkward Martha. Jenny starts her first period and Martha is affect and cries. She is not her little child anymore, but a little woman. To su m up the story, a woman must be always perfect. Great wife, mother, babysitter, horrendous cook, successful careerist, best friend, psychologist, teacher, doctor, dishwasher, cleaner with bottomless sexual appetite. While exhaustion, influenza, migraine or other illnesses are mission impossible.And naturally, you would do it all in in high spirits heels, scented, with exquisite hair, flawless make- up and smile on your face. 2) Characteristics of the mall characters wants to be a perfect woman and tries to distribute everything, what in her eyes woman should manage however, her economize does not see that. She feels undervalued by him as long as he is criticizing her and looks back to the other women, young, childless, with big bosoms and little hips. She is also helping moderately much with house expenses, the thing, shes not very satisfied with, because a good husband of his good wife should manage that.Martin- husband of Martha iconic example of a man who comes home, extreme ly exhausted after all day in work and awaiting the house to be clean, children calm and that his wife will be neat, scented, rapturous and ready to make him a supper according to his wishes. He is not satisfied with his wife. She should be slimmer, nicer, make healthier meals, and use plenty of perfumes he keeps buying her. Jenny, Jasper, Colony- children of Martha and Martin. We befool t know much about them. Jenny dries off her hair with Katie s Yves Saint Laurent towel and gets the erred for the first time at the end of the story. Jasper has convert fever.Katie- a glamorous, childless, scented chick in her middle thirties kind of a modern wife, who came to the relationship with one bag of clothes, intelligence and alleviate mind. Colic- boyfriend of Katie, he loves her very much and wants to marry her. He has two children from the previous marriage. Katie does not like his ex-wife Janet and their children he can meet them Just at once per month. He is a successful businessm an. Harry and Beryl- friends of Martin and Martha Beryl is a secretary and Harry is an artist. She falls asleep during the visit and Harry gets drunk and is going to drive. He has bread on his temple from the car accident.Mrs Hooded- came in twice a week to clean and Martha paid her from her wages 3) The story is described from Martha s perspective. Would it be the same, if the level would be done by Martin? No, definitely. It would not be the same. As far as l m concerned, Martin perceives the whole situation completely differently than Mart does. He is looking onto problems and situations with a mans eye. He does not feel that Martha does too much around the house, children etc. He feels that she should cook better, have smaller hips and fork out to be fresher. 4) What are Martha s main worries? Why does she obey Martin in everything?Why does she never object? She wants to be an amazing wife of her great husband thats why she obeys him. She feels that it is her duty in the role of a woman, mother and wife to behave that way. She is afraid of losing of Martin and fail in all her roles. Martha cannot imagine her life without a husband she does not realize she could live a different life, because this is what she knows. That is why she is trying to keep Martin at all costs although she is not happy with him. Martha is a prototype of housewife and Katie is her opposite. Martha has a husband, three children and her family is something sacred for her.But she works and keeps her own money that means, she can get by from her wages. Katie has different attitude to these things. She hates to be in the traditional position of a woman, like Martha is. Katie is divorced twice and doses t have children. From my take of view, she is that kind of woman, who needs husband to take care of her in general, mostly from the viewpoint of expenses. Although Katie appears as a confident woman, we also witness her insecurities she realizes that Colic is tied to Janet because th ey have children together and that her position might not be that stable. ) How is the story narrated? Are there long descriptions or dialogues? Why not? The story is narrated as Mart s train of thought. Her mind is important. She is describing the situations from subjective point of view, not like the omniscient narrator. There are no long descriptions, nor dialogues, because they are not necessary (and Martha does not have time for them since she rushes from one parturiency o another so the narration reflects her state of mind) the reader understands from the situations the whole context. Anyway the direct speech is used for being more authentic.Her descriptions make the story more personal than the universal third person narrator or the eye of the camera. If any woman reads it, she finds herself in many similar situations and that is the aim, to personalize the story and give the percipient the space to make his point of view about the piece and given problem. 7) Look at Marti n s comments which are inserted in the brackets. What do they suggest? They suggest Martins dissatisfaction or ironical view on Martha and her acts. They are not formulated as direct criticism, but are quite an indirect.Though he might appear as a kind husband, Martha takes his remarks personally as a form of criticism and thus puts even more thrust on herself. 8) What is authors opinion on women like Martha? Who is responsible for their unhappiness- is it men or the women themselves? A woman should love her family and her husband, but should not obey him in the way like Martha did. She gave her win Self and life to her family, but doses t get it back from them. She doses t feel intrinsic fulfillment, which she should feel, living this pattern of life.They are both responsible for their unhappiness males and females. Because if Martha doses t want to, she din t have to behave this way. As long as, we are concerning on feminist fiction, then men are responsible for the womans unha ppiness 0. Weldon is critical not only to men, but to women as well. She points to the fact that they have power in their hands and they should be participating in pursuing happiness. Martha, forever, only relies on her husband, not on herself so it is her own fault that she leads an unhappy life. ) Why does Martha cry at the end of the story? Because her only daughter is becoming a woman. From this important hoar stone in her and they will cause troubles to her woman being and gain control everywhere her whole life, like Martin does to Martha. Martha realizes that her own daughter is now entering the period of womanhood with all its responsibilities. The ending also shows that Martha feels powerless and does not realize that her own daughter does not have to have the same life as she does.

Changing places

Change of places can be for a good or bad reason, but in my case was for the best for our family. Most couples, when thinking about divorcing are worried about their children, because everyone knows that divorce have some effects in childrens. In my suasion divorce is about loss and change. When my parents divorced it was hard for my younger brother and l. But was a change for the best of everyone. We moved to Hidalgo. Around this change of place, as result of my parents divorce, everything has changed, a saucily place to live, a new school and we had to grow up emotionally faster.My life as many peoples had good and punishing ages, but I have learned about life struggles. I was six-spotteen years old when my parents divorced. One night, my brother was in his room, and I was in the kitchen. Our parents told us to come and sit down in the living room. They had to told us something. We all were sit in the room, my Mom said your dad and I , my Dad interrupted her, are getting di vorce. We were in shock. The next day my Mom told me that we had to move. She decided to come here, because we can get a better direction here.We came like three times in a onto for shopping, and, to visit my aunts. But it was not the same. We had lived all of our lives in Mexico, so it was a huge change for us. At the time, when we came from Mexico, we were a dwarfish family my Mom, my little Brother and l. It was hard because we did not have a stable place to live, we stayed with our aunt while my Mom found a place to live. Every day my Mom was out looking for an apartment or house to rent. This experience was completely new for us, we had our own house In Mexico, but my parents decided to sale the house, when they divorced.After a peoples of months finally, my Mom found an apartment of 2 rooms. The first couple of months were the most difficult for us. We got in a new school, without knowing English. My brother and l, took SSL classes to help us to master the language. Every d ay when I came back from school to our new apartment which had no furniture. At that time It was only my Mom working to pay the bills without any help from my Dad, so we did not had too much In our little apartment , only the basics. As many teenagers we wanted everything. My brother was fourteen years old, so he cannot work at the time.I was sixteen years, so I decided to look for a Job to be able to buy my personal stuffs I got a Job in an import and export agency as secretary. After six months, my little family was more stable in all terms, but my Mom got some eye problems, so she was obligated stop working. As the oldest in my little family I had to change my part time Job for a full time Job to support them, at this point, when I changed the house obligations with my Mom, I halt to see my family that little. My Mom said sorry for ordain you this responsibility at this age I felt myself onto a tornado, this experience was totally new.I learned to neer give up at any change. I had to grow up more quickly, be mature to distinguish the good from the bad. Sometimes, I felt sad, because I want to party with my friends from school, but I had to work a full time Job on weekends, pay bills, drive my Mom to her appointments not give up in his studies. After all, in my Junior year I noticed that if I had finish with my credits I will have the recover to leave early instead of pm in my senior year, it was like a little motivation for me to get better in school and never give up, as my mom said hard work always pays off.Finally, I went to my senior year, I did all my credits, so I change my memorial to have more time. I get experience in import/export and brokers in my first Job, so I applied in a new agency as broker consultant, I get the Job and a raise too. Through, this years was a lot of stress for me have two Jobs, school and the responsibility of support my little family, at the time I was too busy thinking about my new responsibilities that I did not re member about my parents divorce and the change of place. I accepted the changes.And now I had done with my high school, and still in college with new opportunities to face. Around this change I had to work for my family and my goals, everything was new, no body say, it was easy changing places, but my family did it. We changed of place for a better life, not for the reason we wanted but no event if are good or bad the reason, the importance is to pick the good from the bad. Instead, I am an independent women, and I am making my Mom tall of me. From this change I realized that no matter how bad something seems you will always like the results at the end.

Rewrite-the Cask of Amontillado Essay

It was in the middle of carnival season when Montresor approached me. In retrospect, I should have noticed the deviant twinkle in his eye. Alas, it was a time of celebration, and I had had much to drink, which seemed to deter me from Montresors true intentions t put on evening. At the time, I was enjoying myself at the carnival festivities, wearing the attire of a jester, complete with cap and bells. Montresor approached me and I was fortunate to see him. We chatted, and he informed me that he had purchased a pipe of Amontillado. He told me that he was not certain as to whether or not it was true Amontillado and asked me to air at it for him. Being a connoisseur of fine wines, I was intrigued. Montresor then noted that, since I was occupied, he was going to call upon Luchresi to assist him with his dilemma.I was sort of taken aback by this, as Luchresi cannot compare to my taste. Montresor was about to depart, but I was adamant and won my way to Montresors vaults. I subsequently g rabbed Montresors arm, and we made our way to his dwelling. Once again, I should have perceived right away that something was about, considering the entire home was empty. However, I brushed it off, assuming that all of the serve well was out being merry. Montresor obtained two candles off the wall, handing one to me, and we made our way down into the catacombs. By this point, the intoxication I was experiencing seemed to worsen. Holding onto Montresor for support, I inquired as to how far we would be going. He informed me that20it was much farther down, and, as I looked at the nitre upon the walls of the murky and sodden catacomb, a coughing fit took postulate of me.It was then that Montresor attempted to have us turn back. However, his diligent attempts at making me turn around just made me want to go former even more. I was not about to willingly allow Luchresi to take my spot as the finest wine connoisseur in the area. Handing me a leak of Medoc, we move down the dingy catac ombs. He would continue to feed me wines for the duration of the walk, all the while my intoxication worsening. For much of our journey, the only sound to be heard was that of the bells upon my hat jingling, along with our footsteps. Looking back on the evening, I ought to have realized something was stirring in Montresors head. The morose look on his face worsen with each step we took. At last, we made it to the Amontillado.

An Analysis of Gender and Performance Essay

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American Life in 1920s and 1930s Essay

The NAACP was focusing on legislative strategies produced to encounter the demanding civil and legal liberties issues of the duration. They signaled for federal official anti-execution laws and organized a series of protestations to state-funded isolation in public educational institutions. NAACP leaders pursued, one, to ensure that all whites acknowledge the demand for racial impartiality by publicizing it and via their magazine catastrophe. On the other hand, the commie party was substantial in the struggle for racial impartiality in the south of United States of America. The communist party also fought for the civil and legal rights via public clamor.Discuss the racial implications of change during the 1930s in American popular culture -including music, movies, literature, etc. The cultural products that close to captivated jaunty audiences during the era of the Great Depression that occurred around the 1930s. The audiences were those that switched their attention from the an guish of the time especially popular literature, radio, and movies. The accessibility to radio programs changed a lot of American families and surroundings especially the families from the black community, as they begun to form their lives around radio programming. People together with their families assembled together to listen to popular programs. Also, friends assembled on the foot porches, backyards, and along the streets to listen to the shows. But, some social and political programs were transmitted. The most fashionable broadcasts offered the racial implicated-era community with dramatic and commonly jovial stories of escape and adventure. Still, there were fashionable soap operas, music concerts, The Academy Awards, sporting events, and current events. Because a lot of the shows were transmitted in front of live viewers, individuals filled the studio to learn these amazing performances.Movies, by the mid-1930s, African American gathered around theaters to see many entertai nment opportunities that offered an escape from the actual phenomenon of the Depression. A lot of Hollywood-produced movies avoided wrangles during this era. They produced musical, screwball, comics, unused adaptations, fictional movies. Popular Culture, while the wrangles were massively missing from movie and radio productions, the controversial political and social voices of the Depression were usually found in the fashionable culture that emerged from the 1930s. A few authors examined the hardships of poverty that affected the African American who worked on the farms and the Dust Bowl migrants they also exposed the evils of poverty throughout the country, condemned the surfeit of capitalism, and disclosed the many pathways for civil injustice. Two of the most fashionable novels of the time, scarcely, were romantic stories fixed different historical events, Anthony Adverse and Gone with the Wind.The American audiences were attracted by the most popular culture from the Great De pression era that was designed by the publics motive to departure from the psychological, economic, and social hardships that were connected to racial differences during the 1930s.Questions 1 and 5 at the end of chapter 19What accounts for the movement of many African American from kings beloved community ideal to black occasion slogan popularized by Stokely Carmichael and H.Rap Brown? The movement of a lot of African American from kings beloved community ideal to black business leader slogan popularized by Stokely Carmichael and H.Rap Brown was proposed by the way in which the African American were handled by their white counterparts. He states that everyone has to be appreciative of his race. He argues that You comport got to be noble of being black. You cannot go around referring yourself colored and call yourself Negroes. That is the word the honkies gave it you. You are black, brother, and you should feel proud of your complexion, and it is very beautiful. It was proposed by the election of a new chairperson for students peaceful manager. He was an old-time leader and guided the challenge campaign that propelled massive promotion from the black community. He was known for being a promoter of armed self-defense. He proposed the theme of racial nobleness and militancy that was similar to his forbearer. It was the narrative of the movement.To what extent was Jesse Jacksons proceeds as a nationally prominent political figure a reflection of broader trends in African American politics? It demonstrated that African American are achieving political power and displays the success of black people in getting their civil and legal rights. Therefore, it is not only to participate in elections but also to be involved in the process of governance.Questions 2 and 3 at the end of chapter 20How did the transition from the activism of the 1960s to the conservatism of the Reagan Bush era to African American politiciansDuring the two terms of office of Reagan Bush, solid ified, grasped, and decided to personify the American shift to the political right wing. His substantial legacy as a leader of was that swing in the American political spectrum. The move created a liberal a form of democracy. What had been conservative transformed to being moderate much(prenominal) as the participation of African Americans in active politics and what was moderate was later promoted for the left wing. The drift was as profound and pronounced that African American vehemently embraced Bill Clinton regardless of his support programs, welfare policies, and criminal justice, in particular, that might have been referred to as reactionary and racist under the rule of Reagan Bush. comparability and contrast tactics used in the Free South Africa movement with the AfricanAmerican Freedom struggleIn both movements, the individuals faced racial inequality. Blacks were recognized as disadvantaged while the white was considered as the advantaged. During the legal and civil libert ies movements, Blacks were had limited liberties such as drinking water fountains as whites or found around public places conversing with the whites. They could also not attend the same school. In Comparison to the Anti-Apartheid social movements in South Africa, intermarriages between the white and Africans were forbid and they were special schools for the whites. In both occasions, both freedom fighters were brutally assaulted, imprisoned, and some died as a result of being tortured. The two social movements had the same ideology of pursuing equal rights and justice for all despite their racial differences. They also shared the same tactics. The two social institutions advocated peaceful demonstrations, utilizing similar methods such as boycotts, media campaigns, and protests. Such approaches were managed within and by similar organizations such as the labor unions, universities, and churches. The civil liberties and the anti-Apartheid Movements had the same leadership style whic h had logical motives along with experienced protest organizers and corporate competence.

Culture of Kazakhstan

Culture is a process for identity of living cr play outures and cultural evolution raises the identity of society, expediency goes to its individuals. Culture is the do master(prenominal) of human activity associated with self-expression of a person, a limpidation of his subjectivity. Thats why every cultivation has additional features, as related to both the creative person, and everyday practice, communication, reflection, generalization, and his daily life (Religious StudiesTextbook / Ed. MM Shakhanovich. St. Petersburg. Peter, 2006). On our planet, there atomic number 18 so many different countries with their own customs dutys, customs and culture, The relationship mingled with these cultures and people rather strained, so there argon national characteristics, specific to each nation. Actually, its non a secret that, traditions that are normal for Europeans, is totally unacceptable for Asian people. After the failure of etiquette, tradition and cultural heritage of the co untry, screw lead to various conflicts. The uniquences of individual nation, lies precisely in its cultural characteristics that are unique to him. ( each culture 2011) Kazakh ethnic group, held a long period of formation, in which mapicipated many tribes and nations, has an primal place in the history of Eurasia, and whiz of the oldest ethnic groups. It is the successor to the cultural heritage of all nations who took part in its formation, so that the Kazakh people one of the richest nations in cultural terms. Kazakh culture until the twentieth century was a unsettled. (Every culture 2011) According to the Kazakh traditions, guests are treated to the Kazakh national cuisine for dastarkhan (dinner table) in yurt.Yurt, adapted to wandering life and a very effective tool in the process of nomadic meets all the requirements of the nomadic lifestyle can be easily disassembled and quickly installed a new location. Kazakhs have a muss of different traditional events, give care N auryz, or Spring Festival, Shildehana and so on. Nauryz falls on the vernal equinox. On this day, every woman cook a special dish, Nauryz kozhe, which consists of seven types of products Siberian millet, wheat, rice, barley, millet, meat, and kurt.People go from village to village, eat this food, sing the song Nauryz, hug, dress each other a Happy New Year and appetency a good offspring in the new year and prosperity at home. Shildehana celebrated on the birth of son, wealthy people inviting people and organized contests of singers, trick riding on horseback. Also Kazakhstan like all countries where the spread of Islam, it was customary to religious holiday Eid. In this celebration, the sheep and lambs are sacrificed in the name of God..The meat is given to the poor, and partly used for the family. An obligatory ritual of the holiday is a common prayer in the mosque prior to sacrifice. In this day of celebration in every home preparing a meal, all congratulate each other. At th at time, the more you learn about French traditions and culture, the more you will be kindle in. France has a long and varied history to draw upon, and countless legends and customs have been passed from generation to generation. In addition, each region of France is quite unique. Easy-french 2011) They expect guests and foreigners to behave in the same manner that they do. The French are all about preserving their culture and being individualized. France is culturally vivid and varied phenomenon. Various times, manifest in the architecture of France, calling each other, also appear the picturesque outline of the locks, bridges, towers (Everyculture 2011). When the French get off the art, they are happy to deal with such sports as football, rugby, basketball, cycling. Bycicle race tour in France fashionable all over the world.Traditional games such as bowls, are also very popular. France is a secular state. The main religion is Roman Catholicism, but it doesnt play a leading role in exoteric life and experiencing a relative decline. Islam is the second most common religion, followed by Protestantism and Judaism (Yakovlev, EG Aesthetics A. Tutorial. M. Gardariki, 2003). So, people can notice, there are a lot of differences and similarities between European and Asian countries. In general, the greeting in both countries absolutely different.For instance, in France, when people greet each other, they shake hands or take on with a kiss on both cheeks . Kissing is only done when two people are close friends or relatives. For the most part, the embrace is done only the first time in a day in which one sees someone and is not repeated again until one says good-bye ( Every culture 2011). Likwise in Kazakhstan, if you know the person very well, you should greet with a kiss on one cheek once and shake hands. Notably, in both countries, almost the same greeting.

Deped’s Thrusts Essay

1. The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Accreditation & Equivalency Test formerly known as the Non-formal Education A&E Test is a paper and pencil test. The test is intentional to rhythm the competencies of those who get under ones skin not finished either the formal elementary or inessential education. Passers of this test are given a certificate/diploma certifying their competencies as comparable to graduates of the formal cultivatehouse system.Hence, they are do to enroll in high cultivate (for elementary take aim passers) and to enroll in college (for secondary level passers). 2. Philippine Educational Placement Test (PEPT) is the principal instrument used in Accreditation and Equivalency Program (AEP) which was rootage established in 1977. The main objective is to retrieve out-of-school youths and place them in the formal school system, if they so desire, and to place over-aged in-school youth in the grade/year level corresponding to their ages.The PEPT tests the compete ncies gained through formal, on the loose(p) and non-formal education which is equivalent tot hose developed in five subject areas Communication arts in English and Philippine, Science, Math and Social Studies from prototypical grade in the elementary school to after part year in the secondary school. 3. Special Education is an educational program or service designed to meet the needfully of children with special needs that cigaretnot profit from general or regular education because of disabilities or exceptional disabilities.The ultimate goal of special education shall be the integration or mainstreaming of learners with special needs into the regular school system and eventually in the community. Special education in like manner aims to develop the level top hat potential of the child with special needs to enable him to become self-reliant and shall be geared towards providing him with the opportunities for a full and happy life. It gears up to the development and maxi mization of learning competencies, as hale as the inculcation of values to make the learners with special needs a useful and effective member of society.4. Every Philippine child now has access to Early Childhood Education through the universal Kindergarten. At 5 years old, children start schooling and are given the means to slowly adjust to formal education. enquiry shows that children who underwent Kindergarten have better completion rates than those who did not. Children who fare a standards-based Kindergarten program are better prepared, for native education. Education for children in the early years lays the foundation for womb-to-tomb learning and for the total development of a child.In Kindergarten, pupils learn the alphabet, comes, shapes, and colors through games, songs, and dances, in their M new(prenominal) Tongue. 5. The Early Childhood Care and culture (ECCD) work focuses on supporting the childrens development through this vital period ensuring they are physi cally healthy, cognitively stimulated, emotionally resilient and socially competent. ECCD program also strengthen childrens protective purlieu by supporting parents and pregnant women, as head as looking for wider contexts such as authorities policies and attitudes.6. The Drop Out Reduction Program (DORP) aims to curb the high dropout rates in overt schools by offering alternative modes of education for learners at the risk of dropping out (SARDO). First utilise in 1998, the DORP is already perceived to have achieved many success, with a decrease in the dropout rate from 12. 51% in AY 2005-2006 to 7. 45% in AY 2007-2008. A dropout is defined by the DORP as a student who has stopped attend school onwards completing the prescribed level of education within the specified school year.The dropout rate, meanwhile, is the ploughshare of students who drop out from a level of education in a given school year, including those who fulfil the school year but fail to enroll in the nex t. In a school implementing the DORP, a DORP support team must be formed. They shall be tasked with organizing, designing and implementing the schools DORP through cathode-ray oscilloscope the targets for the program and choosing the appropriate intervention methods in the context of the available school and community resources.7. The Alternative development System is a free education program enforced by the surgical incision of Education (DepEd) under the Bureau of Alternative Learning System which benefits those who cannot afford formal schooling and follows whatever is their available schedule. ALS aims to open more educational opportunities for Filipino citizens of different interests, capabilities of demographic characteristics, socioeconomic origins and status as well as addressing the needs of marginalized groups.The program cuts the time needed to finish high school, hence, significantly cuts the expenses as well. aside from giving hope to the less fortunate, it also pro vides opportunities to Out-of-School Youths (OSY) and adults elementary and secondary school drop-outs industry-based workers housewives maids factory workers drivers members of ethnical minorities indigenous people and the disabled/physically challenged. 8.The Adopt-A-School Program is enacted in 1988 for the very purpose of providing a locus for the strong and dynamic private sector to participate in ground-building through investments in the education of Filipino children. The rewards of such investments come through an educated generation that depart succeed ours, run our enterprises, and steer this nation to greater heights. Over the years, DepEd introduced interventions to reduce student dropouts and keep the youth off the streets.It has sought to increase student achievement levels and improve teacher performance. It continues to bring the issues and needs of public education to every Filipino who cares, in an effort to invite each and everyone to help boost education oppor tunities for our young. With Adopt-A-School, each Filipino can have the opportunity to enjoy his right to education, to open his eyes to the wonders and challenges of the world, to pursue his dreams, and to put forward capably towards the nations progress. 9.The Arabic Language and Muslim Values Education (ALIVE) is designed for the Muslim Migrants to be able to positively contribute to the peace efforts of our government in order to improve that quality of life of Muslim out-of-school youth and adults. It teaches the lyric of the Holy Quran and the beliefs and value system of the Muslim religion. It has components, namely, prefatorial Literacy Program + ALIVE, Accreditation & Equivalency (A&E) Program + ALIVE, intimate Education + ALIVE, Technical Vocational Education Program + ALIVE and Entrepreneurship Development +ALIVE.In the Philippines, the command of Islamic values and Arabic used to be done only in Islamic schools, however, DepEd ordered the mainstreaming of these less ons in the curriculum in some selected public elementary schools particularly those who have Muslim communities. The order mandated the teaching of Islamic values and Arabic talking to in public elementary school with at least 30 Muslim students. 10. Maintenance and Other Operating Expenses for schools are use to pay expenses for utilities like galvanic and water expenses.It can also be to pay salaries for janitorial and security services or use for other mandatory expenditures except for the procurement of textbooks and other instructional materials and school furniture and equipment. Other uses of MOOE include travelling expenses, communication services, kettle of fish and maintenance, transportation services and many others. 11. Brigada Eskwela is a nationwide voluntary effort which started in 2003, bringing together teachers, parents, and the community to do clean up and repairs in public schools to prepare the facilities for the June school opening.Undertaken in all public schools every third week of May or two weeks before classes begin, it is participated in by private organizations, individuals, national and local government agencies, local businesses, and international organizations and foundations, among others. Volunteers paint classrooms, repair furniture, and clean up the school grounds. Materials and supplies are usually donated by the parents or by private businesses and foundations. Brigada Eskwela encourages the public to share their time, strength and resources in kind.In 2012, Brigada Eskwela pooled more than P1. 5 billion-worth of resources-in-kind and man hours by over six-million volunteers in various parts of the country. 12. K to 12 aims to make basic education sufficient enough so that anyone who graduates can be gainfully employed locally and globally and will have a oil-bearing life. The K-12 Education plan is to add two years in the secondary level plus kindergarten and it will look at the specialized education in high school w hich will focus on a specific field of interest.If the K-12 Education Plan becomes successful, then the Philippine education system can become more competitive among other countries around the world. Though there are still some problems that the government needs to solve before they can successfully implement the plan. Such elements include the number of public school classrooms plus the adequate supply of classroom chairs, books, etc. If the government could allot a bigger budget to educational needs, then we could be one-step ahead towards the success of the K-12 program.Furthermore, parents (especially those who belong in the poor sector) should be properly informed and motivated of the advantages of the K-12 Education Plan. This is very important since parents play a major role in providing the childs school dispense withances, supplies, and fees for other school projects and activities. Once this succeeds, it is best hoped that Filipino students would be more literate, skilled , and competitive to be able to find jobs more easily and contribute to the countrys pride as well as the countrys economy. 13.A clapper Franca is a language systematically used to make communication possible between people not sharing a first language, in particular when it is a third language, distinct from both speakers first languages. Examples of tongue francas are numerous, and exist on every continent. The most obvious example is English, which is the current overriding lingua franca of international business, science, technology and aviation. There are many other lingua francas centralized on particular regions, such as Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish.With the rich experiences and lessons learned in the implementation of the use of lingua franca or mother tongue as language of instruction, the DepED has expanded this in its multilingual education implemented in SY 2008-2009 until SY 2012-2013. The project is called natural language Franca and Mother Tongue-B ased Multilingual Education (MLE). Its main goal is to develop lifelong learners who are proficient in the use of their lingua franca or mother tongue (language 1), the national language (language 2) and other languages (language 3 and language 4) who take pride of their heritage and culture.This move helps to improve schools performance indicators specifically dropout, repetition, retention and completion rates among elementary pupils increase pupils academic performance through the acquisition of oral examination fluency, reading and writing skills in their lingua franca or first language that provide them a bridge circuit to learning Filipino and English enabling them to become more competent in all areas of deal and demonstrate self-confidence and pride in ones culture, tradition and values. 14.The Mother Tongue-Based Multi-Lingual Education (MTB-MLE) has been implemented in all public schools, specifically in Kindergarten, layers 1, 2, and 3, as part of the K to 12 Basic Ed ucation Program, starting the School Year 2012-2013 to support the goal of Every Child-A Reader and A-Writer by Grade 1. The MTB-MLE aims at language development which established a strong education for success in school and for lifelong learning and at cognitive development which focuses on Higher Order Thinking Skills.It also aims at academic development which prepares the learner to acquire mastery of competencies in each of the learning areas and at socio-cultural awareness which enhances the pride of the learners heritage, language, and culture. In the MTB-MLE implementation, the following eight major languages or Lingua Franca and four other languages will be cited as learning area and utilized as language of instruction for SY 2012-2013 Tagalog, Kapampangan, Pangasinense, Iloko, Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Waray, Tausug, Maguindanaoan, Maranao, and Chavacano.15. In anticipation of over two million students enrolling in the start of the school year, the Department of Educatio n sees the Alternative Distance Learning Program as a way to decongest schools which will allow students to do their schoolwork without coming to school every day. Instead, the students will study at home and root word to school for exams and group activities.DepEd created also the Internet-based Distance Education Program (iDEP) as an alternative way for students to complete their education in an attempt to reduce high school dropout rates in the country. iDEP offers formal secondary education to qualifying students using Internet-based technologies and classes are conducted and managed completely online. The program is seen to benefit many students, as well as those working in the entertainment industry, those with health and financial problems, and those in rehabilitation centers.

Fedex External Environment

FedEx External Environment analyze 1. How is the patience structured? The application is defined by NAICS as the logistics, transportation, and related business services. This is a truly broad definition because it doesnt define the main function of the business, which is express li really(prenominal) and tape drive that includes a wide range of services for both businesses and consumers. FedEx offers express delivery, ground, and freight shipping, in domestic and global markets. The most(prenominal) important dominant economic traits of the express delivery and shipping industry argon Market coat and Growth * The express delivery and shipping industry is $189B with a growth rate of 0. 1% worldwidely. Although on that point has been a -2% decline in the industry in the U. S. , at that place is a tremendous amount of likely growth in the developing and international markets. The shipping services industry could be classified as being in the mature stage of the industry life cycle since the main focus is join on market share and increasing cash flow. Future growth is dependent on the penetration and training of crude markets. -Degree of Product Differentiation Companies within the industry are differentiated by scathe, the markets they dish up, reliability, and speed. Smaller firms who serve local segments are differentiated by the custom and personalized level of service. Larger firms who serve the global segment are differentiated by price, guaranteed delivery, and service. Price is a major factor for e-commerce businesses relying on the price of shipping and delivery times. Prices for shipping smaller individual packages are similar, but companies who ship in senior high school volume get a break. Although there is some loyalty, price is a determining factor for businesses. range of competitive rivalry/ spot of rivals * A few major players in the shipping industry decree the world market. FedEx, UPS, DHL, and USPS hold 67% of the market s hare who ship worldwide and within the U. S. Larger firms control an advantage based on brand light and the wide range of services they offer. Penetrating into international markets with growing economies will create an opportunity for larger firms to grow. -Number of buyers * Demand for express deliveries is dependent upon the health of the global economy and the growth of e-commerce.As the economy grows, so does the demand for shipment of products to consumers and other businesses. As the economy slows down, so do the number of businesses using shipping and freight services to deliver products. During a recession, businesses shut down, and consumers forgo spending buying products online, which at present effects the number of items being shipped. -Economies of scale * Larger firms tend to fuddle more hubs, which are local sorting facilities for packages before reaching their final destinations, which creates efficiency in the delivery process, as well as reaching more locatio ns that smaller companies layaboutnot.Economies of scale also helps with various damages, such(prenominal) as fuel, which is a major cost in the shipping and freight industries. 2. What is competition like? What forces are at work? According to Porters 5-forces model, express delivery and shipping industry is very competitive. The five forces are listed in order from unfluctuatingest to weakest. -Intensity of rivalry = Very Strong Intensity of rivalry among contemporary competitors is extremely high to increase market share. The large firms, such as FedEx and UPS, must consistently cope in price, service, reliability, and implement new technologies to improve the efficiency of shipment.Cost of fuel has risen 6. 8% from 2011 which is the main in operation(p) expense in the industry and is hard-fought for firms to pass on the cost to the customers due to low faulting costs. Margins remain low making it very competitive to maintain the volume of shipment and avoiding price str uggles. -Bargaining major power of Suppliers = Strong The main suppliers would be the oil companies who supply fuel and the suppliers of human resources, which are the employees. Although these are not direct suppliers in the conventional sense, they do be in possession of a significant impact on the periodical functions.Global supplies and demands of fuel directly impact its cost, which is the main variable effecting margin of the industry. The human capital of its workforce directly affects the efficiency of its daily functions and the reliability that consumers depend on. Employees have power bargaining power by perhaps going on strike which could bring deliveries to a halt. In that sense it, employees have a strong bargaining power and could demand higher pay, increase in benefits, and better working conditions. -Bargaining Power of Buyers = StrongLarge shipping companies depend more on businesses that use who ship products in high volume. The switching costs can be very lit tle to practically nothing, make the industry to lack brand loyalty. Customers can advantageously switch over to a competitor who offers service thats slightly cheaper or at a faster speed. Firms rely on businesses and e-commerce for their own industry to be shekelsable. -Threat of New Entrants = Weak Threat of new entrants is low. The cost of fixed assets to be competing in the industry is extremely high. It would cost billions of dollars to obtain the proper number of airplanes, trucks, and software.This would also require billions of dollars in fuel cost, maintenance, and human capital to operate properly. It would also be difficult for a new entrant to gain market share due to the high brand recognition of the industry leaders making it difficult to differentiate them in a substantial way. Even with economies of scale, profit margins are very narrow making it difficult to gain a profit. Distribution and number of hubs would be difficult to match. -Threat of Substitutes = Weak There isnt really a substitute that can take the home plate of physically moving products from one place to another.In the past, the internet has replaced mail and delivery for the transfer of documents and funds. Value- net abbreviation reveals various complements could help differentiate firms from one another. Additional services for businesses with marketing materials and packaging would help firms to increase business for their customers. In conclusion, this is an extremely competitive industry. Although there is no threat of substitutes for this type of service, it is a very difficult industry to profit and compete in. 3. What trends are driving changes in the industry? Trends that are causing changes in the industry are Increased globalization of the industry (+) * Businesses are becoming more globalized and sharp into international markets will be key to the growth of the industry. There is an increase of businesses in developing countries and there is an increase in e-c ommerce. -Increasing fuel cost (-) * Fuel is the biggest cost in the express delivery industry and many recent global supply problems have increased the costs. Political uprisings in the Middle East, and threats of war across the region affect supply. Major price fluctuations cut into profits. -Going green (+) Many countries and industries have been get-up-and-go the green efforts. Car and truck companies have been producing electric and hybrid vehicles that can significantly reduce the cost of fuel. The long-term savings will outweigh the short-term cost of replacing and updating vehicles to hybrids. -Increased competition and edict in new markets (-) * Government owned express delivery service providers usually monopolize the industry in the country and can impose regulations to pr make upt private and foreign companies to do business, or even impose strict customs processes. -Businesses switching to online models (+) More businesses are switching to online models to reduce inve ntory and smash costs. With the increase of the number of people with access to computers and the Internet, new markets are appearing with the ability to purchase online. Businesses have increased their online presence, and offer online purchasing and even mobile apps for convenience. This increases the number of shipments direct from warehouses to customers, and creates a dependence on shipping services. The trends are mostly positive suggesting that the future of the expressing shipping services industry is likely to increase, heretofore will be very competitive.

Pscychological Effects of Ragging on Student and Counteractive Measures for Prevention Essay

Ask each college scholarly person what he or she was most nervous about on the first day of college and the answer forget most probably be the same ragging. But what is ragging? Who does it and why? There is no clear description of ragging (or hazing), but it is gener exclusivelyy unders to a faultd to be the shape of college seniors subjecting juniors to teasing or pr motivateical gambols. The term includes a relatively harmless prank such as asking a junior to roll a coin around the basketball court to more serious or dangerous acts like versed abuse and torture. Ragging initially began as an innocent tradition to get new-sprung(prenominal) learners acquainted with each former(a) but has gradually become a method by which anti-social elements of the institute assert their dominance on the campus. Although ragging can happen in both college, it is most prevalent in medical and engineering colleges. The footing world most learners live on campus and argon thus soft ta rgets. What to do if you are chivyRagging can assume whatever form abusive language directed at the bookman or his family, making juniors run errands for seniors, sexual abuse, forcing freshers to strip or speak obscenely about professors in effort of some separate students. Basi clavery, whatsoever form of abuse against juniors amounts to ragging. If whatever of this is happening to you, inform your family about it first. Going against adepts college seniors can be stressful for a fresher, so make sure you meet all the support you can get from your family and friends. The second step is to get on the institutes authorities. Inform them of the goings-on and the label of the culprits. Most colleges have an anti-ragging electric cell an association of professors and students who track down and invade disciplinary action against students self-indulgence in ragging. If the college authorities seem un exiting to watch action, and the severity of the police-breaking is great, you can even approach the police. Ragging has been recognised as a offensive in India and the police are legally obliged to check into the matter. Frehsers entrance testRagging is meant to faimilarise the seniors with the juniors. In the media it is portrayed that ragging is normal exit in a student life directence, visual perception TV many seniors develop new ideas to transmit ragging. In the news they tell about the event how a sudden namely ___ got beset commited suicide or gotaffected, but they fail to tell the terminus punishment on the raggers. Demiralise the studentDemoralise the student and ordain develop phobia and lose pursuance in studies, leave their goals aspirations, leaving them helpless for rest of their life.Inaction or in good action on part of the concerned authority only encourages the lookset of te accused to indulge in such action again. The accused senior gains confidence as being right and will traumatize mortal else or same one again. H ow to deal with being raggedSome meters, intervention whitethorn come too late. In a number of cases, students have succumbed to the humiliation of ragging, and fall victim to bouts of depression and lack of recreate in donnish pursuits. Extreme abuse has even caused some students to attempt suicide. It is recommended that students grappling with the humiliation of ragging want help from a trained counsellor. Parents and teachers must take it upon themselves to safeguard the mental health of students by holding all the channels of communication open. Every effort must be make to help a victim deal with the consequent and move on. So, dont let the fear of being ragged prevent you from pursuing a happy and fruitful college career. Re share, it is as much a crime to run oppression as it is to subject someone to it. Timely action can help change your catechumen year from a nightmare into a dream come true.There are 3 types of ragging verbal, physically and sexual. The acts of a buses are making u dance, sing, propose to misfire or boy, go kiss a girl or boy, all this acts which the so called seniors will not or r not bold liberal to do they do it in form of ragging through the juniors. Teasing or abusing of playing Practical joke on, or causing hurt to any student. or (b) Asking any student to do any act, or perform any thing, which he/she would not, in the ordinary course, be willing to do or perform.It is the animal hidden Instinct. The urge to dominate the neighbour, especially when one has more leisure.It happens not only in colleges/educational Institutions but in any case in jails and such some other Institutions. They want respect from juniors. they want to orient that theyr the SENIORS, and another reason may be that they want to repeat what had happend with them when they were juniors. Please keep in mind the adjacent things and advise your college going friends too.* Ragging is a crime. Do not engage in it or support it* Even petty ragging is against fundamental human rights* There needs to be zero tolerance for any form of ragging* Being senior does not give anyone any right to pull up others for anything* If you see any ragging, immediately inform authorites and even the police* Just pick your phone and call police if anyone rags you even in a small way* Make sure your college has an active anti-ragging cell* If college authorities dont take small ragging complaints seriously, complain to your parents and the university * As responsible citizens of India we need to elimiate ragging in everyway * Please share this message with all your college going and other young friends Anti-Ragging Act, 2010 and under sections 377, 511, 504, 506, 384, 341 and 323 of the IPC, How Ragging Affects The Victim1. An repellent incident of ragging may leave a permanent scar in the victims mind that may haunt him for years to come. 2. The victim declines into a shell, forcing himself into ignominy and alienation from the rest of the wo rld. 3. It demoralizes the victim who joins college life with many hopes and expectations. 4. Though incidents of physical assault and grievous injuries are not new, ragging also simultaneously causes monstrous psychological stress and trauma to the victim. 5.WHAT IS RAGGINGTeasing, manhandling, ill-treating with rudeness any Fresher. Psychological harm that vacates fear in the mind of fresher. Asking the fresher to perform any act, which has the effect of causing or generating a sentience of shame so as to adversely affect his/her physique/psyche. RAGGING IS REPREHENSIBLE ACTNo act of ragging shall be survived.Any act of ragging shall not go unnoticed and unpunished. PUNISHMENT MAY INCLUDE sound projection from hostel.Fine with public apology.Withholding a scholarship or other benefit.Debarring from representation in events or campus placement. Adverse entry in Character Certificate. rupture from the knowledgeability.Expulsion from the refuge.PROCEDURE OF DISCIPLINARY PROCEED INGSIf the sequester authority is satisfied that a prima-facie case exists against the boarder he may be suspended from the hostel, pending a final enquiry.What take a leaks Ragging Ragging constitutes one or more of any of the following acts3a. any conduct by any student or students whether by words spoken or written or by an act which has the effect of teasing, treating or handling with rudeness a fresher or any other studentb. indulging in rowdy or undisciplined activities by any student or students which causes or is likely to cause annoyance, hardship, physical or psychological harm or to raise fear or apprehension thereof in any fresher or any other studentc. asking any student to do any act which such student will not in the ordinary course do and which has the effect of causing or generating a maven of shame, or torment or embarrassment so as to adversely affect the physique or psyche of such fresher or any other studentd. any act by a senior student that prevents, disru pts or disturbs the regular academic activity of any other student or a freshere. exploiting the services of a fresher or any other student for completing the academic tasks assigned to an individual or a group of students. f. any act of pecuniary extortion or forceful expenditure burden put on a fresheror any other student by studentsg. any act of physical abuse including all variants of it sexual abuse, transvestite assaults, stripping, forcing obscene and lewd acts, gestures, causing bodily harm or any other danger to health or person h. any act or abuse by spoken words, emails, posts, public insults which would also include deriving perverted pleasure, vicarious or sadistic thrill from actively or passively participating in the discomfiture to fresher or any other studenti. any act that affects the mental health and self-confidence of a fresher or any other student with or without an intent to derive a sadistic pleasure or showing off power, authority or superiority by a stude nt over any fresher or any other student.5. Measures for prevention of ragging-It shall be mandatory for every technological Institution, University, deemed to be University conveyance skillful education to take following measures for prevention of ragging at such institutions.1. The advertisement issued for admission by a expert institution, University including Deemed to be University concerned and/or the admission authority/ affiliating University/State Govt./UT/ of import Govt. as the case may be, shall clearly mention that ragging is totally banned and anyone found guilty of ragging and/or abetting ragging is liable to be punished. 2. The course catalog and other admission related catalogues shall contain directions of the Supreme Court Affiliating University/admission Authority/State Govt/Central Govt. shall make it mandatory for the institutions under their jurisdiction to compulsorily incorporate such information in their course catalogue. These Regulations shall be pr inted in the brochure of admission/instruction booklet for candidates.3. The application form for admission/ history shall have a printed affidavit, kind of both in English and Hindi and/or in one of the regional languages. The affidavit should be filled up and signed by thecandidate to the effect that he/she is trustworthy of the law regarding prohibition of ragging as salutary as the punishments, and that he/she, if found guilty of the offence of ragging and/or abetting ragging, is liable to be punished appropriately.4. The application form shall also contain a printed affidavit, preferably both in English and Hindi and/or in one of the regional languages and the affidavit should be signed by the parent/guardian of the applicant to the effect that he/she is also aware of the law in this regard and agrees to abide by the punishment meted out to his/her ward in case the latter(prenominal) is found guilty of ragging and/or abetting ragging.5. The application for admission shall b e accompanied by a document along with the School Leaving Certificate/Character Certificate which shall include a report on the behavioral patter of the applicant, so that the institution can thereafter keep intense watch upon the student who has a negative entry in this regard.6. A student seeking admission to the hostel shall have to submit another affidavit along with his/her application for hostel accommodation that he/she is also aware of the law in this regard and agrees to abide by the punishments meted out if he/she is found guilty of ragging and/or abetting ragging. 7. Every skilful institution, University including Deemed to be University leave skilful education shall maintain a proper go into of the affidavits obtained to catch its safe up keep thereof,including digital copies of the affidavits and such digital copy should be made available to the AICTE or to an Agency identified/ propose by AICTE.8. The AICTE or an Agency identified/nominated for the purpose and aff iliating Universities and Directorate of Technical Education of the concerned State Govt./UT shall maintain an appropriate entropy base of the affidavits in the digital form obtained from every student at the time of admission to the skillful institutions, Universities including Deemed to be Universities imparting technical education.9. Each batch of freshers should be divided into small groups and each such group shall be assigned to a member of staff. Such staff member should interact on an individual basis with each member of the group on daily basis to ascertain the problems/difficulties, if any faced by the freshers in the Institution and extend necessary help.10. Incase of freshers admitted to a Hostel it shall be the responsibility of the teacher incharge of the group to co-ordinate with the warden of the Hostel and to make surprise visits to the rooms in the hostel where the members of the group are lodged. Freshers should be lodged in a separate hostel block wherever pos sible and where such facilities are not available, the college/institution shall attend that seniors access to freshers accommodation is strictly monitored by wardens, Security Guards and Staff.11. Every institution should engage or seek the assistance of professional counselors at the time of admissions to counsel freshers in tramp to prepare them for the life ahead, peculiarly for adjusting to the life in hostels. At the commencement of the academic session the head of the technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall convene and address a meeting of mixed functionaries/agencies, like Wardens, representatives of students, parents/guardians, faculty, district administration including police, to discuss the measures to be interpreted to prevent ragging and steps to be taken to identify the offenders and punish them suitably.12. Every fresher admitted to the technical Institution, University including Deemed to be Univer sity imparting technical education shall be given a printed information booklet detailing when and whom he/she has to turn to for help and guidance for non-homogeneous purposes (including Wardens, straits of the institution, members of the antiragging committee, relevant district and police authorities), addresses and telephone numbers of such persons/authorities, etcetera13. The technical institutions, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education through the information booklet mentioned 6above shall relieve to the new entrants the arrangements for their inference and orientation which promote efficient and effective means of integrating them fully as students.14. The information booklet mentioned above shall also tell the freshers about their rights as bona fide students and clearly instructing them that they should desist from doing anything against their will even if ordered by the seniors, and that they have nothing to fear as the institution cares for them and shall not tolerate any atrocities against them.15. The information booklet mentioned above shall contain a calendar of events and activities laid down by the institution to facilitate and complement familiarization of juniors with the academic environment of the institution. 16. To make the community at large and the students in particular aware of the dehumanizing effect of ragging, and the approach of the institution towards those indulging in ragging, big posters (preferably with different color in for the provisions of law, punishments, etc.) shall be prominently displayed on all Notice Boards of all departments, hostels and other buildings as strong as at susceptible places Some of such posters shall be of permanent nature in certain under attack(predicate) places.17. The technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall request the media to give adequate promotional material to the law prohibiting ra gging and the negative aspects of ragging and the institutions s resolve to ban ragging and punish those found guilty without fear or favor.18. The technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall identify, properly illuminate and man all vulnerable locations.19. The technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall tighten security in its premises, especially at the vulnerable places. If necessary, intense policing shall be resorted to at such points at odd hours during the early months of the academic session. 20. The technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall utilize the vacationperiod before the start of the new academic year to launch wide publicity campaign against ragging through posters, information booklets, seminars, street plays, etc. 721. The faculties/departments/units of the technical Institution, Univ ersity including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall have induction arrangements (including those which anticipate, identify and externalize to meet any special needs of any specific section of students) in place well in advance of the beginning of the academic year with a clear sense of the main aims and objectives of the induction process.22. Mobile Phones and other communication devices may be permitted in residential areas including hostels to provide access to the students particularly freshers, to reach out for help from teachers, parents and Institution authorities.Monitoring mechanism in technical institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education-a) Anti-ragging Committee Every institution University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education shall constitute a Committee to be known as the Anti-ragging Committee to be nominated and headed by the pass of the Institution, and consisting of rep resentatives of civil and police administration, local media, Non Government Organizations involved in youth activities, representatives of faculty members, representatives of parents, representatives of students belonging to the freshers phratry as well as senior students, non-teaching staff and shall have a diverse mix of rank and file in terms of level as well as gender.b) It shall be the duty of the Anti-Ragging Committee to ensure compliance with the provisions of these Regulations as well as the provisions of any law for the time being in force concerning ragging and also to monitor and oversee the performance of the Anti-Ragging police squad in prevention of ragging in the institution.c) Anti-Ragging Squad Every institution University including Deemed to beUniversity imparting technical education shall also constitute a smaller body to be known as the Anti-Ragging Squad to be nominated by the Head of the Institution with such representation as may be considered necessary f or maintaining vigil, oversight and patrolling functions and shall remain mobile, refreshing and active at all times. Provided that the Anti-Ragging Squad shall have representation of various members of the campus community and shall have no outside representation.d) It shall be the duty of the Anti-Ragging Squad to be called upon to make surprise raids on hostels, and other places vulnerable to incidents and having the potential for ragging and shall be empowered to inspect such places. 8e) It shall also be the duty of the Anti-Ragging Squad to conduct an on-the-spot enquiry into any incidents of ragging referred to it by the Head of the institution or any member of the faculty or any member of the staff or any student or any parent or guardian or any employee of a service provider or by any other person, as the case may be and the enquiry report along with recommendations shall be submitted to the Anti-Ragging Committee for action. Provided that the Anti-Ragging Squad shall condu ct such enquiry observing a fair and transparent outgrowth and the principles of natural justice and after giving adequate opportunity to the student or students accused of ragging and other witnesses to place before it the facts, documents and views concerning the incidents of ragging, and considerations such other relevant information as may be required.Actions to be taken against students for indulging and abetting ragging in technical institutions Universities including Deemed to be University imparting technical education-1. The punishment to be meted out to the persons indulged in ragging has to be exemplary and justifiably harsh to act as a obstructer against recurrence of such incidents.2. Every single incident of ragging a First Information Report (FIR) must be filed without exception by the institutional authorities with the local police authorities.3. The Anti-Ragging Committee of the institution shall take an appropriate decision, with regard to punishment or otherwise , depending on the facts of each incident of ragging and nature and gravity of the incident of ragging.4. a) Depending upon the nature and gravity of the offence as established the possible punishments for those found guilty of ragging at the institution level shall be any one or any combination of the following-(i) Cancellation of admission(ii) Suspension from attending classes(iii) Withholding/withdrawing scholarship/fellowship and other benefits(iv) Debarring from appearing in any test/ mental testing or other evaluation process(v) Withholding results(vi) Debarring from representing the institution in any regional, national or international meet, tournament, youth festival, etc. (vii) Suspension/expulsion from the hostel(viii) Rustication from the institution for period ranging from 1 to 4 semesters(ix) Expulsion from the institution and consequent debarring from admission to any other institution.(x) Collective punishment when the persons committing orabetting the crime of raggi ng are not identified, the institution shall resort to collective punishment as a deterrent to ensure community pressure on the potential raggers.b) An appeal against the order of punishment by the Anti-Ragging Committee shall lie,11i. In case of an order of an institution, affiliated to or constituent part, of the University, to the Vice-premier of theUniversityii. In case of an order of a University, to its Chancellor.iii. In case of an institution of national importance created by an Act of Parliament, to the Chairman or Chancellor of theinstitution, as the case may be.5. The institutional authorities shall intimate the incidents of raggingoccurred in their premises along with actions taken to the Council form time to time. 9 Action to be taken against the technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education which fail to take measures for prevention of ragging-1. Role of the concerned technical institutions, Universities including Dee med to be Universities imparting technical education shall be open to scrutiny for the purpose of finding out whether they have taken effective steps for preventing ragging and action taken against provision indulged and/or abetting ragging. The Council shall constitute Committees to inspect technical institutions, Universities including Deemed to be Universities imparting technical education to verify the status of anti ragging measures and to investigate specific instances of ragging and take appropriate action.2. The technical Institution, University including Deemed to be University imparting technical education should submit an affidavit along with its compliance report submitted to AICTE every year with detail of measures taken for prevention of ragging in technical institutions. The Compliance Report should also contain the details of the instances of ragging and action taken against students, and others for indulging and abetting ragging.3. All Letters of Approval issued b y AICTE such as filename extension of approval letters, letters issued for additional courses/increase in intake and letters issued for new technical institutions, fire of grants, letters of approval issued to integrated campus, second shift etc. shall contain a specific clause of prevention of ragging.4. The AICTE shall, in respect of any institution that fails to take adequate steps to prevent ragging or fails to act in accordance with these Regulations or fails to punish perpetrators or incidents of ragging suitably, take one of more of the following measures, namelyi. No admission/Withdrawal of approval granted under section 10(k) of AICTE Act.ii. Withholding any grant allocated.iii. Declaring the institution ineligible for consideration for any assistance under any of the general or special assistance programmes of the AICTE.iv. Informing the general public, including potential candidates for admission, through a notice displayed prominently in the newspapers or other suitab le media and posted on the website of the AICTE, declaring that the institution does not possess the minimum academic standards.v. Taking such other action within its powers as it may deem fit and overthrow such other penalties as may be provided in the Act for such duration of time as the institution complies with the provisions of these Regulations.5. As regards the Universities including Deemed to be Universities imparting technical education the actions proposed to be taken such as stopping release of grants, withdrawal of approval/recognition will be sent to University Grants Commission (UGC), Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Govt. of India and the concerned State Govt./UT. The UGC, MHRD Govt. of India, and the State Govt./UT concerned shall make immediate action on the recommendations of the Council.